Incoterms 2010 III (back / more)

Full List of Incoterms® 2010 Rules

Rules for Any Modes of Transport (EXW, FCA, CPT, CIP, DAT, DAP, DDP)

EXW (Ex Works) – EXW (insert named place of delivery)
FCA (Free Carrier) – FCA (insert named place of delivery)
CPT (Carriage Paid To) – CPT (insert named place of destination)
CIP (Carriage And Insurance Paid To) – CIP (insert named place of destination)
DAT (Delivered At Terminal) – DAT (insert named terminal at port or place of destination)
DAP (Delivered At Place) – DAP (insert named place of destination)
DDP (Delivered Duty Paid) – DDP (insert named place of destination)

Rules for Sea and Inland Waterway Transport (FAS, FOB, CFR, CIF)

FAS (Free Alongside Ship) – FAS (insert named port of shipment)
FOB (Free On Board) – FOB (insert named port of shipment)
CFR (Cost And Freight) – CFR (insert named port of destination)
CIF (Cost, Insurance, And Freight) – CIF (insert named port of destination)

Some Terms in the Incoterms® 2010 Context

The rules of Incoterms® 2010 are aplicable for international transactions as well as for domestic ones. Some of frequently used terms are explained below depending on domestic and international application, respectively.

Carrier — any person or firm who by contract "undertakes to perform or procure" transportation services. The buyer nominates the "carrier" and the seller need only accept the nomination for the term to work. However,in common usage, a "carrier" is a firm that transports goods or passengers for hire, rather than simply arranging for such transport.
Delivery is used to indicate where the risk of loss of or damage to the goods passes from the seller to the buyer. This is often the "named port or place" but not necessarily the buyer’s place of business. However, in common usage, "delivery" is the act of delivering something, while the "place of delivery" is often the buyer’s place of business.
Pre-carriage: inland transportation on the seller’s side - Domestic: from the place where the shipment starts to any subsequent transportation carriage. International: from the place where the shipment starts to the departure point on the seller’s side.
Main Carriage - Domestic: subsequent transportation beyond pre-carriage. International: transportation from the point of departure on the seller’s side to the arrival point on the buyer’s side.
On-carriage - Domestic: subsequent transportation beyond main carriage. International: transportation from the arrival point on the buyer’s side. Also, onward carriage.
Door – to – Door - Contract of carriage that includes pre-carriage, main-carriage and on-carriage by the same carrier
Door – to – (Air) Port - Contract of carriage including pre-carriage and main-carriage to airport or ocean port or truck terminal port or rail port.
(Air) On-carriage - (Air) Port – to – Door
Omni-modal - Used with terms that use all modes of transportation (truck, airplane, vessel, train…) Also, multimodal.
Marine-restricted - Terms that only apply to carriage by vessel.
Shipment Contract - Sales/purchase contract where the seller’s responsibility ends when goods are handed over to the first carrier.
Arrival Contract - Sales/purchase contract where seller’s responsibility ends when goods have arrived at agreed place.

Incoterms® 2010 as Tasks/Payments Allocation Tool

Incoterms® 2010 is a convinient tool to define (see, also, the Table below) who, - seller or buyer, - has to...

Furnish the goods;
Arrange and pay for country-specific documentation (e.g., consular invoices, inspection reports, licenses);
Package the goods in a manner suitable for shipment (export);
Arrange for export clearance in the seller’s country (if applicable);
Insure the shipment;
Move the goods from the seller’s factory to a port, airport, or border crossing in the seller’s country;
Arrange for main carriage (international transportation) from the departure port to the arrival port;
Pay for main carriage;
Arrange for import clearance;
Pay import duties; and
Arrange and pay for on-carriage from the arrival port to the delivery destination.

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